Fix/check links workflow condition

[Manvi2402]

Description

Improves the check-links CI workflow by:

• Adding path filters to run only when markdown
  files are changed
• Replacing custom changed-files logic with
  tj-actions/changed-files@v46
• Adding concurrency settings to cancel duplicate runs
• Upgrading actions/checkout from v4 to v6
• Adding timeout-minutes

Fixes #4943

Type of change

• [ x] Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• This change requires a documentation update

How Has This Been Tested?

Workflow changes reviewed against existing CI configuration.
Based on the approach from #4968 by @emdneto

Does This PR Require a Contrib Repo Change?

• Yes. - Link to PR:
• [x ] No.

Checklist:

• Followed the style guidelines of this project
• [ x] Changelogs have been updated
• Unit tests have been added(N/A for workflow changes)
• Documentation has been updated(N/A for workflow changes)

[linux-foundation-easycla]

The committers listed above are authorized under a signed CLA.

• ✅ login: xrmx / name: Riccardo Magliocchetti (dd76400)